How Do We Develop a Moral Sense?
Moral Compass
Maintaining the Social Orders
The child becomes aware of the wider rules of society so judgments concern obeying the rules in order to uphold the law and to avoid guilt.
Social Contract and Individual Rights
The child becomes aware that while rules/laws might exist for the good of the greatest number, there are times when they will work against the interest of particular individuals.
Universal Principles
People at this stage have developed their own set of moral guidelines which may or may not fit the law. The principles apply to everyone.
Good Interpersonal Relationships
The child is good in order to be seen as being a good person by others. Therefore, answers relate to the approval of others.
Individualism and Exchange
At this stage children recognize that there is not just one right view that is handed down by the authorities. Different individuals have different viewpoints.
Obedience and Punishment Orientation
The child is good in order to avoid being punished. If a person is punished, they must have done wrong.
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when and How Do People Develop the Morality?
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formal operations
Age 11 to 15. By this stage, the person no longer requires concrete objects to make rational judgements. The child is capable of deductive and hypothetical reasoning. The child’s ability for abstract thinking is very similar to an adult.
concrete operations
Age 7 to 11. At this stage, child begins to think abstractly and conceptualize, creating logical structures that explain his or her physical experiences. Also, the child is able to think about other's perspective and views.
sensorimotor
Age birth to 2. At this period, infants progress reflexive and instinctual action. Infants construct understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions.he twenty-four months old children are not able to classify their possessions with others’. They believe that they are the center of the world, and world revolves around them.
preoperational stage
Age 2 to 4. The child is not yet able to conceptualize abstractly and needs concrete physical situations. At this period, the children see the world only through their eyes and views. Also, kids in this age start to say lie, but they cannot provide logical support for their lie. In addition, this age of kids cannot think separately the result and the intention. Mostly, the kids regard the result is more important than the process. It means their judgement is not mature enough to judge good or bad.